Mutton masala typically includes a blend of aromatic whole and ground spices like coriander, cumin, turmeric, red chilies, black pepper, cloves, cinnamon, cardamom, and bay leaves. Common additions also include ginger and garlic for flavor, and sometimes fennel, star anise, and mustard seeds. The specific ingredients and their proportions vary depending on the regional cuisine and whether a readymade spi ce blend or a homemade powder is used.